Sorghum

Sorghum bicolor
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Panicoideae
Genus:	Sorghum
Species:	S. bicolor
Binomial name
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench
Synonyms
List Agrostis nigricans (Ruiz & Pav.) Poir. Andropogon besseri Kunth Andropogon bicolor (L.) Roxb. Andropogon caffrorum (Thunb.) Kunth Andropogon compactus Brot. Andropogon dulcis Burm.f. Andropogon niger (Ard.) Kunth Andropogon saccharatrus Kunth Andropogon saccharatus (L.) Raspail Andropogon sorghum (L.) Brot. Andropogon subglabrescens Steud. Andropogon truchmenorum Walp. Andropogon usorum Steud. Andropogon vulgare (Pers.) Balansa Andropogon vulgaris Raspail Holcus arduinii J.F.Gmel. Holcus bicolor L. Holcus cafer Ard. Holcus caffrorum (Retz.) Thunb. Holcus cernuus Ard. Holcus cernuus Muhl. nom. illeg. Holcus cernuus Willd. nom. illeg. Holcus compactus Lam. Holcus dochna Forssk. Holcus dora Mieg Holcus duna J.F.Gmel. Holcus durra Forssk. Holcus niger Ard. Holcus nigerrimus Ard. Holcus rubens Gaertn. Holcus saccharatus var. technicus (Körn.) Farw. Holcus sorghum L. Holcus sorghum Brot. nom. illeg. Milium bicolor (L.) Cav. Milium compactum (Lam.) Cav. Milium maximum Cav. Milium nigricans Ruiz & Pav. Milium sorghum (L.) Cav. Panicum caffrorum Retz. Panicum frumentaceum Salisb. nom. illeg. Rhaphis sorghum (L.) Roberty Sorghum abyssinicum (Hack.) Chiov. nom. illeg. Sorghum ankolib (Hack.) Stapf Sorghum anomalum Desv. Sorghum arduinii (Gmel.) J.Jacq. Sorghum basiplicatum Chiov. Sorghum basutorum Snowden Sorghum caffrorum (Retz.) P.Beauv. Sorghum campanum Ten. & Guss. Sorghum caudatum (Hack.) Stapf Sorghum centroplicatum Chiov. Sorghum cernuum (Ard.) Host Sorghum compactum Lag. Sorghum conspicuum Snowden Sorghum coriaceum Snowden Sorghum dochna (Forssk.) Snowden Sorghum dora (Mieg) Cuoco Sorghum dulcicaule Snowden Sorghum dura Griseb. Sorghum durra (Forssk.) Batt. & Trab. Sorghum elegans (Körn.) Snowden Sorghum eplicatum Chiov. Sorghum exsertum Snowden Sorghum gambicum Snowden Sorghum giganteum Edgew. Sorghum glabrescens (Steud.) Schweinf. & Asch. Sorghum glycychylum Pass. Sorghum guineense Stapf Sorghum japonicum (Hack.) Roshev. Sorghum margaritiferum Stapf Sorghum medioplicatum Chiov. Sorghum melaleucum Stapf Sorghum melanocarpum Huber Sorghum mellitum Snowden Sorghum membranaceum Chiov. Sorghum miliiforme (Hack.) Snowden Sorghum nankinense Huber Sorghum nervosum Besser ex Schult. & Schult.f. Sorghum nervosum Chiov. nom. illeg. Sorghum nigricans (Ruiz & Pav.) Snowden Sorghum nigrum (Ard.) Roem. & Schult. Sorghum notabile Snowden Sorghum pallidum Chiov. nom. illeg. Sorghum papyrascens Stapf Sorghum rigidum Snowden Sorghum rollii Chiov. Sorghum roxburghii var. hians (Hook.f.) Stapf Sorghum saccharatum Host nom. illeg. Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Pers. nom. illeg. Sorghum sativum (Hack.) Batt. & Trab. Sorghum schimperi (Hack.) Chiov. nom. illeg. Sorghum simulans Snowden Sorghum splendidum (Hack.) Snowden Sorghum subglabrescens (Steud.) Schweinf. & Asch. Sorghum tataricum Huber Sorghum technicum (Körn.) Batt. & Trab. Sorghum technicum (Körn.) Roshev. Sorghum truchmenorum K.Koch Sorghum usorum Nees Sorghum vulgare Pers. nom. illeg.

Sorghum bicolor, commonly called sorghum (/ˈsɔːrɡəm/) and also known as great millet, durra, jowari / jowar, or milo, is a grass species cultivated for its grain, which is used for food for humans, animal feed, and ethanol production. Sorghum originated in Africa, and is now cultivated widely in tropical and subtropical regions. Sorghum is the world's fifth-most important cereal crop after rice, wheat, maize, and barley, with 59.34 million metric tons of annual global production in 2018. S. bicolor is typically an annual, but some cultivars are perennial. It grows in clumps that may reach over 4 m high. The grain is small, ranging from 2 to 4 mm in diameter. Sweet sorghums are sorghum cultivars that are primarily grown for forage, syrup production, and ethanol; they are taller than those grown for grain.

Sorghum bicolor is the cultivated species of sorghum; its wild relatives make up the botanical genus Sorghum.